On July 23rd, 1952, Egyptian army officers launched a revolution changing Egypt from a monarchy to a republic. In a military coup d’etat staged by Colonel Gamal Abdal Nasser’s Free Officers, King Farouk, whose rule had been criticized for its corruption and failures in the first Arab-Israeli war, was forced to abdicate and relinquish power to General Muhammad Naguib, the figurehead leader of the coup. The revolutionaries redistributed land, tried politicians for corruption, and abolished the monarchy.

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